Fluoropolymers (also referred to as
Fluorothermoplastics and Fluoroplastics)
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Fluoropolymers are high-performance polymers containing atoms of fluorine
and are unique because they perform well in a wide range of applications.
They are defined by their unusual resistance to chemicals & corrosion and
their ability to withstand a wide range of high temperatures. Fluoropolymers are extremely flexible and have excellent anti-stick
properties.
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Disadvantages of Fluoropolymers
Application specific due to cost
Advantages of Fluoropolymers
Chemical resistant, operates in high temperatures, UV resistant,
non-leaching, FDA approved, USP Class VI compliant
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Examples of Fluoropolymers
PTFE PVDF
FEP PEEK
PFA ETFE
ECTFE
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Fluoroelastomers (FKM)
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Fluoroelastomers are a family of synthetic rubbers that can be stretched
extensively, and still return to their original shape once the stretching
is released. It is actually a fluoropolymer that does not crystallize.
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Disadvantages of Fluoroelastomers
very expensive
Advantages of Fluoroelastomers
chemical resistant, resistant to automotive and aircraft fuel, FDA
approved
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Examples of Fluoroelastomers
Viton®
Dyneon®
Aflas®
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Perfluoroelastomers -(FFKM)
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Perfluoroelastomers polymers are made up of three or more monomers, in
which all hydrogen positions have been replaced by fluorine, the principal
monomer being tetrafluoroethylene, or TFE. This is the most chemically
resistant elastomer available and is effectively a rubber form of TFE
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Disadvantages of Perfluoroelastomers
only available in O-ring and sheet form
very expensive
Advantages of Perfluoroelastomers
most chemically resistant of all elastomers
resistant to acids, caustics, amines, aldehydes, steam, and salt water
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Examples of Perfluoroelastomers
Kalrez®
Chemraz®
Aflas® |
Thermoplastics - sometimes referred to
as Petroleum resins
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Most of the worlds plastics are thermoplastics. Thermoplastic polymers
melt when heated and return to their original state when cooled again,
unless they were heated to a point above their decomposition temperature.
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Disadvantages of Thermoplastics
higher creep
Advantages of Thermoplastics
less expensive due to fast cycle times
more complex designs are possible
wider range of properties due to copolymerization
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Examples of Thermoplastics
PVDF
PTFE
PVC |
Thermosets
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Thermosets are materials which become permanently hard and rigid when
heated. Thermoset materials maintain their dimensional stability at
elevated temperatures. They always used in conjunction with reinforcement
and fillers. The most common reinforcement is Glass Fibers.
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Disadvantages of Thermosets
rigid
brittle
Advantages of Thermosets
tough, durable
temperature resistant
inexpensive
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Examples of Thermosets
Bakelite (phenolic)
Polyurethane
Acrylic |