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Fluoropolymers, Fluoroelastomers, Perfluoroelastomers Comparison
 

Fluoropolymers (also referred to as Fluorothermoplastics and Fluoroplastics)

Fluoropolymers are high-performance polymers containing atoms of fluorine and are unique because they perform well in a wide range of applications. They are defined by their unusual resistance to chemicals & corrosion and their ability to withstand a wide range of high temperatures. Fluoropolymers are extremely flexible and have excellent anti-stick properties. 
 

Disadvantages of Fluoropolymers
Application specific due to cost

Advantages of Fluoropolymers

Chemical resistant, operates in high temperatures, UV resistant, non-leaching, FDA approved, USP Class VI compliant

Examples of Fluoropolymers

PTFE          PVDF
FEP            PEEK
PFA            ETFE
ECTFE                  

Fluoroelastomers (FKM)

Fluoroelastomers are a family of synthetic rubbers that can be stretched extensively, and still return to their original shape once the stretching is released. It is actually a fluoropolymer that does not crystallize.
 

Disadvantages of Fluoroelastomers
very expensive

Advantages of Fluoroelastomers

chemical resistant, resistant to automotive and aircraft fuel, FDA approved

Examples of Fluoroelastomers

Viton®
Dyneon®
Aflas®

Perfluoroelastomers -(FFKM)

Perfluoroelastomers polymers are made up of three or more monomers, in which all hydrogen positions have been replaced by fluorine, the principal monomer being tetrafluoroethylene, or TFE. This is the most chemically resistant elastomer available and is effectively a rubber form of TFE

 

Disadvantages of Perfluoroelastomers
only available in O-ring and sheet form
very expensive

Advantages of Perfluoroelastomers

most chemically resistant of all elastomers
resistant to acids, caustics, amines, aldehydes, steam, and salt water

Examples of Perfluoroelastomers

Kalrez®
Chemraz®
Aflas®

Thermoplastics - sometimes referred to as Petroleum resins

Most of the worlds plastics are thermoplastics. Thermoplastic polymers melt when heated and return to their original state when cooled again, unless they were heated to a point above their decomposition temperature.
 

Disadvantages of Thermoplastics
higher creep

Advantages of Thermoplastics

less expensive due to fast cycle times
more complex designs are possible
wider range of properties due to copolymerization

Examples of Thermoplastics

PVDF
 PTFE
PVC

Thermosets

Thermosets are materials which become permanently hard and rigid when heated. Thermoset materials maintain their dimensional stability at elevated temperatures. They always used in conjunction with reinforcement and fillers. The most common reinforcement is Glass Fibers.
 

Disadvantages of Thermosets
rigid
brittle

Advantages of Thermosets

tough, durable
temperature resistant
inexpensive

Examples of Thermosets

Bakelite (phenolic)
Polyurethane
Acrylic

 
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